Insurance

How Insurance Works

When the dealer’s face-up card is an Ace, you’re offered insurance before the dealer checks the hole card:

  1. You may place an insurance bet of up to half your original wager
  2. The insurance bet pays 2:1 if the dealer has blackjack (a 10-value hole card)
  3. If the dealer doesn’t have blackjack, you lose the insurance bet
  4. Your main hand then plays out normally

The Math Against Insurance

In a standard 6-deck shoe:

  • There are 96 ten-value cards (10, J, Q, K × 4 suits × 6 decks)
  • There are 216 non-ten cards
  • Probability the dealer has blackjack: 96/311 ≈ 30.9%
  • Insurance pays 2:1, so break-even requires 33.3% probability

Since 30.9% < 33.3%, insurance is a losing bet by approximately 7.7% house edge.

Even Money

When you have a natural blackjack and the dealer shows an Ace, the dealer offers “even money” — a guaranteed 1:1 payout on your bet:

Choice Dealer Has BJ Dealer Doesn’t
Take even money Win 1:1 Win 1:1
Decline even money Push (0) Win 3:2

Mathematically, declining even money earns more over time:

  • Taking even money: always win 1 unit
  • Declining: (30.9% × 0) + (69.1% × 1.5) = 1.037 units average

Always decline even money — it’s the same trap as insurance.


Common Side Bets

Side bets are additional wagers independent of the main game. They’re placed before cards are dealt and resolved based on your first cards, the dealer’s up-card, or combinations.

21+3

What it is: Your two cards plus the dealer’s up-card form a 3-card poker hand.

Hand Typical Payout Probability
Suited Three of a Kind 100:1 0.02%
Straight Flush 40:1 0.22%
Three of a Kind 30:1 0.46%
Straight 10:1 3.26%
Flush 5:1 5.04%

House edge: Approximately 3.2-8.8% depending on the pay table.

Perfect Pairs

What it is: A bet that your two cards will form a pair.

Pair Type Typical Payout Probability
Perfect Pair (same suit) 25:1 1.66%
Colored Pair (same color) 12:1 3.32%
Mixed Pair (different color) 6:1 6.64%

House edge: Approximately 4-8% depending on the pay table.

Lucky Ladies

What it is: A bet that your two cards total 20.

House edge: Approximately 17-24% — one of the worst side bets.

Royal Match

What it is: A bet that your first two cards are suited.

House edge: Approximately 3.7-6.7%.


Why Side Bets Are Bad Value

Bet Approximate House Edge
Main blackjack game (basic strategy) 0.5%
Insurance 7.7%
21+3 3-9%
Perfect Pairs 4-8%
Lucky Ladies 17-24%
Royal Match 4-7%

The main game has a house edge 6-48 times smaller than side bets. Every dollar you put on side bets costs you significantly more than a dollar on the main game.


The Bottom Line

  • Insurance: Always decline. The house edge is 7.7%
  • Even Money: Always decline. You earn more over time without it
  • Side Bets: Fun for entertainment, terrible for your bankroll. If you play them, understand you’re paying a premium for excitement